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Fernando Pérez de Traba
Fernando or Fernán Pérez de Traba (''c''.1090–''c''.1155), also Fernão Peres de Trava in Portuguese, was a nobleman and count of the then Kingdom of León who for a time held power over all Galicia. He became the lover of Countess Teresa of Portugal, through whom he attained great influence in that domain, and was the ''de facto'' ruler of the County of Portugal between 1121 and 1128.〔Simon Barton (1997), ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 241–42.〕〔Richard A. Fletcher (1984), (''Saint James's Catapult: The Life and Times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela'' ) (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 38–40.〕 The ''Poema de Almería'', a Latin poem celebrating one of Alfonso VII's major victories of the ''Reconquista'', records that "if one were to see him (), one would judge him already a king."〔Simon Barton (2006), ("The 'Discovery of Aristocracy' in Twelfth-Century Spain: Portraits of the Secular Élite in the ''Poem of Almería''" ), ''Bulletin of Hispanic Studies'', 83, 463.〕
==Family==
Fernán was the second son of Pedro Fróilaz de Traba, founder of the House of Traba, and his first wife, Urraca Fróilaz.〔María del Carmen Pallarés and Ermelindo Portela (1993), "Aristocracia y sistema de parentesco en la Galicia de los siglos centrales de la Edad Media: el grupo de los Traba", ''Hispania'', 53:185, 823–40.〕 His family was the most powerful in Galicia at the time, and he himself held properties in the most important Galician cities: Lugo and Santiago de Compostela.〔Barton (1997), 80; Fletcher, 40 n31.〕 Fernán's first appearance in the surviving documentation dates from September 1107, just after the death of Raymond of Galicia, when his father confirmed a privilege of Alfonso VI for the monastery of Caaveiro, along with his sons.〔''Comes Petrus de Gallecia: Fernandus et Veremudus eius filii'', where Fernán, the younger, signs before his elder brother, cf. Pallarés and Portela, 833. Barton (1997), 241 n1, cites Fernán's earliest document as dated 1 May 1110.〕
Early in the twelfth century (before 1125), Pedro gave his son a Moorish cook, probably a slave, with the Christian name Martin.〔Barton (1997), 59–60 and 82.〕 Sometime early in the century Fernán took a wife, but when he became the lover of Teresa of Portugal he repudiated her. With Teresa he had two daughters: Sancha (born ''c''. 1121), who married Álvaro Rodríguez, and Teresa, who first married Nuño Pérez de Lara and, when widowed, became the second wife of King Ferdinand II of León. Fernán's first attested wife, Sancha González, daughter of Gonzalo Ansúrez and Urraca Vermúdez, was therefore possibly his second wife. The earliest record of their marriage is from 1134, and she was still alive in 1154.〔 With her the count had three children: Gonzalo, María (married Ponce de Cabrera), and Urraca, the wife of Juan Arias.
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